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Tissue engineering scaffold stiffness12/21/2023 Tissue engineering scaffold could deliver specific cells to the damaged site and as a medium to provide stimuli, with the help of an appropriate structure, similar composition to natural tissue. The three key factors of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering include seed cell, scaffold, and stimulating factor. Regenerative medicine and tissue engineering are new scientific and technological undertakings of biomedicine that combine aspects of medicine, cell, and molecular biology, materials science and bioengineering, to regenerate, repair or replace tissues or organs. Then the effect of electrical stimulation on cell proliferation and differentiation are also discussed. The influences of electrical stimulation on cell alignment, migration and its underlying mechanisms are discussed. In this review, we summarize the various materials and latest technologies to deliver electrical stimulation. Besides, with the advantages of biocompatible conductive materials coming into view, the combination of electrical stimulation with suitable tissue engineered scaffolds can well combine the benefits of both and is ideal for the field of regenerative medicine. Electrical stimulation is using in tissue engineering as a novel type of tool in regeneration medicine. Electrical stimulation can activate many intracellular signaling pathways, and influence intracellular microenvironment, as a result, affect cell migration, cell proliferation, and cell differentiation. It shows great potential in disease treatment, wound healing, and mechanism study because of significant experimental performance. Recently, electrical stimulation as a physical stimulus draws lots of attention.
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